Causes include electrical faults, improper handling of flammable materials, and open flames in crowded areas. Earlier today, a warehouse on Spintex Road was destroyed by fire, causing extensive damage to goods. Fires pose immediate threats to life, such as burns and smoke inhalation, along with property destruction. They also release harmful pollutants, impacting both health and the environment. Understanding immediate actions during a fire outbreak is crucial for safety.
Here are seven tips on what to do immediately in the event of a fire outbreak:
1. Raise the Alarm
Immediately upon noticing a fire, shout "Fire!" to warn anyone nearby, ensuring everyone is aware of the danger. Call emergency services right after. In Ghana, if you encounter a fire emergency, dial 192 to reach the Ghana National Fire Service. When connected, provide clear details about your exact location, mentioning any landmarks, street names, or building specifics to help responders arrive quickly.
Describe the nature of the fire—whether it’s a small blaze or a larger structure fire—as this helps them prepare effectively. Stay on the line if requested, as the operator may need more details, like whether anyone is trapped or if there are flammable materials on-site. This clear communication can make a vital difference in how quickly and effectively help arrives.
2. Use Fire Extinguishers if Safe
It is essential for every household, workplace, and shop to have at least one fire extinguisher. If you’re dealing with a small, manageable fire, using a fire extinguisher can help prevent it from spreading.
In Ghana, you’ll commonly find several types: water extinguishers (suitable for fires involving materials like wood, paper, or fabric), foam or dry powder extinguishers (effective for flammable liquid fires, such as oil or gasoline), and CO₂ extinguishers (designed for electrical fires).
When using an extinguisher, remember the PASS technique:
- Pull the pin to unlock the handle.
- Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire.
- Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent, and
- Sweep the nozzle side to side to cover the area evenly.
3. Evacuate Immediately if Unmanageable
• Stay low: Smoke rises, so staying close to the ground can prevent inhalation of toxic fumes.
• Use the safest exit: Head for the nearest safe exit and avoid elevators, as they can become traps during a fire.
• Cover your nose and mouth: If possible, use a damp cloth to filter the smoke, which can be hazardous.
4.Close Doors as You Leave
When escaping a fire, closing doors behind you is a crucial step that can slow the fire’s spread, helping to contain it within a limited area. This small action buys valuable time, keeping flames and smoke from moving as quickly through the building and allowing firefighters more time to arrive and control the blaze.
Additionally, closed doors help protect other rooms and can preserve safer escape routes for anyone still inside.
5.Help Vulnerable Individuals
In the event of a fire, prioritising the safety of children, the elderly, and individuals with disabilities is essential. These vulnerable groups may face challenges in evacuating quickly on their own, making calm, compassionate assistance crucial. With children, gently hold their hand or carry them if needed, using simple, soothing words to keep them calm as you guide them to safety.
For elderly individuals, offer a steady arm, helping them navigate any obstacles, and move at a pace that’s comfortable for them. When assisting those with disabilities, ensure access to mobility aids and clear paths, and use straightforward directions to minimise confusion. By prioritising these groups during a fire, we not only help them escape potential harm but also provide the reassurance they need during a stressful and frightening situation.
6. Wait for Emergency Responders
Once outside, move to a safe distance from the building to avoid any potential hazards, such as smoke or falling debris. Resist the urge to go back inside, even if you think you left something important, as this could put you in further danger.
Wait until the fire service has thoroughly assessed the situation and officially declares the area safe before considering re-entry. If you know of anyone who might still be inside, immediately inform the firefighters, providing details of their possible location to help them conduct a swift and focused search. Your information could be vital in saving lives.
7.Know the Safety Protocols
Make it a priority to familiarise yourself with the safety protocols and emergency exits in your home, workplace, and any public spaces you often visit. Knowing the nearest exits and the steps to take in an emergency can make all the difference when seconds count. Regular fire drills and reviewing emergency plans can prepare you and those around you to respond quickly and calmly. Being proactive in understanding these safety measures ensures that you’re ready to act confidently in a crisis, protecting both yourself and others.
Preparedness and awareness are key to reducing the impact of fire outbreaks, ensuring that you and those around you can act swiftly and safely in an emergency. By taking proactive steps to understand fire safety measures, you can help prevent disasters and protect lives.