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<h1>Recently, the art community was stunned at the discovery of the ‘African Mona Lisa’ which is Ben Enwonwu’s 1974 painting of Adetutu “Tutu” Ademiluyi, the daughter of a Yoruba king.</h1>

It was last seen in 1975 but is now up for sale after its surprise rediscovery. The work was uncovered by Giles Peppiatt, director of Modern African Art at Bonhams after a north London family contacted him following recent sales of Nigerian artworks.

“It was quite remarkable when I walked into this flat in north London and saw it hanging on the wall, it was about the last thing I expected to see,” he explained.

“As soon as I saw it I knew it was authentic, but I couldn’t say that at the time of the owners because you can’t just blurt that out.”

The rediscovered painting was last displayed at the Italian embassy in Lagos in 1975 and was bought by the father of the north London family during a business trip.

The painting is expected to sell for around £250,000 ($347,000; €282,000) when it goes on sale jointly in London and Lagos on February 28, but Ben Okri has argued that its worth extends beyond financial.

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Enwonwu died in 1994 but is still considered the father of Nigerian modernism. He made three paintings of “Tutu”, the locations of all of which had been a mystery until the recent discovery.

The various artwork became symbols of peace following the clash of ethnic groups in the Nigerian–Biafran conflict of the late 1960s. The painter stumbled upon his most famous muse by accident.

“The sitter is Yoruba and Ben Enwonwu was Ibo, so they were of different ethnic tribes. It was an important symbol of reconciliation,” said Eliza Sawyer, a specialist in Bonhams’ African Art department.

“He would go around local villages and sketch local scenes and figures, and he encountered this young woman whom he thought was just entrancing and requested to paint her, not knowing her stature."

Enwonwu was from a politically-connected Ibo family and his father was a traditional sculptor.

An artwork by Nigerian artist Ben Enwonwu which was thought to have been lost has been discovered in London.

Missing ‘African Mona Lisa’ found in London home after 43 years

<h1>With the recession in Nigeria, it is a great idea to explore other streams of income other than just wages and there are a lot of quick profit-making opportunities to go into.</h1>

Currently, there are a vast number of businesses a person can explore but here are 4 of those quick profit-making opportunities.

Aspiring to start a tutorial center is a wonderful idea, as it is a profitable business considering the fact that Nigerians are increasingly getting conscious of the importance of education for their kids. An educational tutorial center for JAMB, WAEC, NECO, ICAN and even adult literacy classes would surely bring in a steady stream of income to its investor.

Travel agents help to facilitate passport and visa procurement, hotel bookings in countries of destination, and tour arrangements for clients, at agreed fees. With the way Nigerians migrate daily and travel regularly, this is a business that will provide a means to generate quick profit.

Read Also: <a id="f1559ed4-51e5-581a-ae58-7e52cb93923a" href="http://www.pulse.ng/bi/finance/article7821396.ece">6 businesses that are guaranteed to give you profit in Africa</a>

In Nigeria, this is currently a growing business that is growing and succeeding in generating profit for businesses. Most sports betting centers supplement their earnings by using the free space available as football viewing centers.

Nigeria ranks among the highest consumers of liquor in the world with drinking bars and parlors located at every nook and cranny in the country. Despite the usual complaint of economic crunch nationwide, it is still a thriving business in the country.

As the economy is yet to improve, Nigerians have taken to exploring other ways of earning money.

Here are 4 quick profit-making opportunities

<h1>Energy drinks often advertise an increased level of alertness, assistance with workouts and recovery or an added boost needed during the day but there are reasons why energy drinks shouldnt be consumed.</h1>

Although these drinks are advertised as giving an added boost and alertness, none of these claims have been supported by any medical or pharmaceutical companies. Instead, they have been found to be more hazardous than helpful especially as the higher the amount consumed, the higher the risks.

1. They contain taurine which may be toxic

Taurine is a popular ingredient in energy drinks. It is an amino acid that supports neurological development and helps regulate the level of water and mineral salts in the blood. Although the actual side effects are unknown, it is not recommended to intake more than 3,000 mg a day.

Drinking energy drinks throughout the day can easily exceed this limit and put a strain on the kidneys as they filter this supplement.

Read Also: <a id="86478a1e-26b8-51d2-9b84-90b26bd08f2b" href="http://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/article7891059.ece">Pharmacists raise alarm over codeine abuse</a>

2. Energy drinks have a large amount of caffeine

Energy drinks contain a large amount of caffeine that can increase heart rate, which over time can increase the risk stroke and heart disease. Overconsumption of drinking energy drinks and caffeine can also lead to nervousness, irritability, headaches, nausea, and sleeplessness.

Energy drinks have a large amount of sugar that can lead to weight gain. Mayo Clinic explains that this is especially true for people who drink energy drinks, struggle with their weight and don't exercise regularly.

4. Energy drinks cause dehydration

Energy drinks themselves can be dehydrating, and often people replace drinking water with the drinks. Dehydration can lead to muscle soreness, headaches, nausea, and fatigue. It is important to drink extra water if energy drinks are being taken.

While many people use energy drinks as a supplement for rigorous workouts or to have a boost of energy, there are dangers from consuming it.

Here are 4 reasons you shouldn't have energy drinks

<h1>After a long day or week, The Homestores is the perfect place to hide in Lagos while enjoying the vibes of a cozy, serene environment.</h1>

The Homestores isn't a place many living in or out of Lagos are very familiar with and for a very good reason. it is quietly tucked away from the hustle and bustle that the Lagos metropolis is known for.

It is located somewhere along the streets of Victoria Island and surrounded by other places to eat and shop. While it may be tucked away from prying eyes and loud noises it is certainly not something to be kept a secret for long after a visit to it.

The Homestores is a combination of three things which are an art gallery, a cafe, and a shop.

The art gallery, which is called Alexis gallery, is filled with 80% of its pieces by Nigerian artists and 20% collected from other West African countries. The cafe, which is called the Art Cafe, is a tranquil space where you can choose to sit indoors or outdoors and still enjoy a quiet atmosphere. Lastly, there is the shop underneath the Art Cafe where art pieces that are both functional and decorative are on sale.

What is there to do at The Homestores?

The Homestores may not be the ideal spot for visitors looking for a quick rush of adrenaline but it definitely has a few fun things to do.

You can choose simply to just sit and choose a cup of coffee from their menu while you socialize. Or go downstairs and do some window shopping in the shop below before deciding to head to the art gallery to admire the creativity and expression in art made by Nigerians.

If you are a little more uptight and have a ton of work stacked up in your emails, you can decide to ditch the art gallery and shop. You can opt to sit at the Art Cafe while using the WiFi provided to get some work done. There are sockets also provided so you need not worry about running out of battery.

Read Also: <a id="b386b0b6-4f0f-56e9-8ca2-8382722f698d" href="http://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/article7850428.ece">Welcome to the ancient site of Olumo Rock</a>

While it is completely free to use the facilities like WiFi and seating, they have a menu for drinks which include alcoholic-based drinks and a wide range of coffee options to choose from.

A little heads up; Everything picked from the menu, both food and drinks may cost a little on the high side, however, they are still relatively affordable.

Entry into the art gallery as well as the shop is also free of charge unless you decide to make a purchase.

Why would anyone want to come to The Homestores?

There are a lot of places to go to in Lagos and new spots are constantly being opened on a regular basis. In a pool of overwhelming options, the Homestores stands out because it is different and has a personality of its own.

Everywhere you look, you are sure to spot something interesting, from bottle lampshades to tables that are made from recycled metal parts. It is an overall different experience to the usual sophisticated and squeaky clean feel that other locations in Lagos strive to have.

Also, the music that plays in the Art Cafe is subtle and appropriate which is definitely a win compared to other locations where you have to raise your voice to converse with other people.

While The Homestores is a great place to relax it is worth noting that it is not wheelchair friendly as there are stairs which lead to the Art Cafe. Also, the art shop is definitely going to be a tight squeeze with objects falling if you attempted to fit a wheelchair in.

Secondly, I had no idea that the Alexis gallery hosted 8 exhibitions every year or that the gallery even existed at the back. I would love to see more information circulated about it both online and offline. This also applies to the art shop which unless you by chance asked a waitress or ventured downstairs from the Art Cafe, you would have no idea of the treasure chest that lay below.

While Lagos is known for how it is busy non-stop and lots of traffic, there are places you can escape to like the Homestores.

The Homestores is the perfect place to hide in Lagos

<h1>On Wednesday January 16 2018, Tracey Crouch who is a junior Minister for Sport and Civil Society will become the Minister for Loneliness in a bid to combat loneliness in Britain.</h1>

Theresa May who is the current Prime Minister of Britain said, "For far too many people, loneliness is the sad reality of modern life. I want to confront this challenge for our society and for all of us to take action to address the loneliness endured by the elderly, by carers, by those who have lost loved ones — people who have no one to talk to or share their thoughts and experiences with."

More than nine million people say they are always or often lonely, out of a population of 65.6 million, according to the British Red Cross. The charity describes loneliness and isolation as a hidden epidemic affecting people across all ages at various moments in their life, such as retirement, bereavement or separation.

This ministerial appointment follows a recommendation from a committee in memory of Jo Cox who was a lawmaker for the Labour party who was murdered by a far-right extremist.

Britain’s loneliness initiative will see a strategy published later in 2018 which will have input from national and local government, public services, the voluntary sector and businesses.

Other countries have appointed Ministers for interesting sectors

In 2016, the United Arab Emirates appointed its first ministers of happiness and tolerance. Ohood bint Khalfan Al Roumi, who was serving as Director-General of the Prime Minister's Office, was appointed as the minister of happiness. Lubna bint Khalid al Qasimi, who served as the Minister of Foreign Trade was given the appointment of minister for tolerance.

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In 2017, one of Nigeria’s state governors Rochas Okorocha appointed his sister, Ogechi Ololo, as the Commissioner of Happiness and Purpose Fulfilment. In Venezuela in 2013, the president Nicolas Maduro created a Vice Ministry of Supreme Social Happiness.

The UK has joined other countries to appoint a minister for an interesting sector.

This country that just appointed a Minister for Loneliness will surprise you

<h1>Eyebrows are all the rage right now with a variety of beauty and health tips stemming from almost every beauty enthusiast but eyebrows have weird facts that a lot of people do not know.</h1>

People spend a lot of time and money maintaining their eyebrows which include waxing to plucking to threading to filling them in. Most people, however, don’t know just why we have these arched patches of hair on our foreheads in the first place or what purpose they serve.

Here are 5 weird facts you didn't know about your eyebrows.

The real function of eyebrows is to keep moisture out of our eyes when it’s raining or when we sweat. That arched shape helps divert liquid to the side of our faces, keeping the eyes clear.

The average person has about 250 hairs per eyebrow. However, some reports show that never-plucked brows can have as many as 1100 total hairs.

Read Also: <a id="fb01f099-74eb-5f8f-91ed-0c6b30c47b63" href="http://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/article7831885.ece">The weird elongated head trend of the Mangbetu people</a>

The average lifespan of an eyebrow is four months, meaning the time it takes for each hair to fall out and new growth to fill in.

4. They are important for facial recognition

A study found that people had more trouble correctly identifying the faces of people they knew when they were presented with images of them missing their eyebrows. Researchers concluded that brows may be more important for facial recognition than eyes themselves.

5. Beautifying eyebrows has a long history

When you pluck and define our brows, you are actually taking part in a long history of facial grooming. Every culture and time period has had a different way of shaping their brows. For example, in Florence during the Renaissance, people shaved their eyebrows off completely, while the colonial elite in 18th-century America preferred to beef their brows up using grey mouse skin.

Eyebrows are only seen as a feature that beautifies our faces but they have other roles.

Here are 5 weird facts you didn't know about eyebrows

<h1>Many historical and archaeological wonders of Africa are being left to turn into ruins but these scientists are trying to change that by using virtual reality to preserve these sites.</h1>

A lot of these sites will in many years to come no longer be recognizable due to factors like no maintenance, vandalism, and conflict that has arisen within the country. UNESCO World Heritage Sites, such as those in Libya and Mali, have been caught in the crossfire of regional disputes.

<a id="38c27e2a-bd0e-5175-8a79-220bcfe0bf1a" href="http://www.zamaniproject.org/index.php/home.html">The Zamani Project</a> which is based at the University of Cape Town in South Africa is seeking to immortalize African historic spots in three-dimensional, virtual reality-ready models.

The project's aim is to build a database of complex, lifelike 3D models. Presently, they've mapped around 16 sites including Lalibela in Ethiopia, Timbuktu in Mali and Kilwa in Tanzania.

The project's been running for 10 years and the team has digitally archived locations in all corners of the continent. Its mission is a worthy one which is to preserve sites for future generations.

The project is steered by Professor Heinz Ruther who moves around Africa visiting countries like Ghana, Tanzania, Mali, Ethiopia, and Kenya. He records in remarkable detail, the structure and condition of tombs, churches and other buildings.

What is the process of immortalizing these heritage sites?

All the African heritage sites that the team documents takes months to finish the process. They travel to unsafe, hostile regions with high-tech laser scanners and drones.

To record the archaeological structures, they position the scanner at various angles around the building, sending a laser which records around 10,000 points per second.

"We use GPS measurements and try to cover every single aspect of the sites, that is every single corner. We go to areas which are not very attractive and we cover everything," Ruther explains.

Back at the university, they collate all the spatial data to create the finished product, which can be experienced in virtual reality. Ruther claims The Zamani Project is the only African-based organization 3D mapping cultural heritage sites.

As of 2017, Africa has 138 UNESCO World Heritage Sites which is a big number compared to the 16 sites that The Zamani Project has been able to document. While efforts increase to bring recognition to African heritage, safeguarding this past could depend on high-tech methods used by Ruther and his team.

The Zamani project is working towards preserving Africa's historical sites using virtual reality.

These scientists are trying to immortalize African heritage using virtual reality

<h1>Cape Town which is a major town in the country of South Africa with a population of 3 million is on the brink of running out of water in four months time if something is not done to avert Day Zero.</h1>

In Cape Town, which is located at the southwestern region of South Africa, the city is gripped by a catastrophic water crisis. Unless the city adopts widespread rationing, <a id="4da54ad8-8829-5d56-b0de-0a64c46a8176" href="http://coct.co/water-dashboard/?ca_source=Website&amp;amp;ca_medium=affiliate&amp;amp;ca_campaign=Home%20page%20trends%20-%20Day%20Zero%20Dashboard&amp;amp;ca_term=Day%20Zero%20Dashboard&amp;amp;ca_content=Day%20Zero%20Dashboard">the government</a> says, the taps "will be turned off" on April 22, 2018, because there will be no more water to deliver.

It’s an alarming development for a city that draws millions of tourists a year to its sandy beaches and iconic flat-topped Table Mountain which could become the first major city to run out of water.

In a bid to reduce consumption, the city has banned residents from watering their gardens and washing their cars, shut most public swimming pools and cut the water pressure, causing intermittent outages in some high-lying areas and tall apartment buildings.

Why is Cape Town running out of water?

Since 1995 the city’s population has grown 79%, from about 2.4 million to an expected 4.3 million in 2018. Over the same period, dam storage has increased by only 15%.

The Berg River Dam, which began storing water in 2007, has been Cape Town’s only significant addition to water storage infrastructure since 1995. It’s 130,000 megalitre capacity is over 14% of the 898,000 megalitres that can be held in Cape Town’s large dams. Had it not been for good water consumption management by the City, the current crisis could have hit much earlier.

Cape Town’s water system isn't built to withstand a multi-year drought which is expected to occur "perhaps as rarely as once in a millennium," according to a group of professors from the University of Cape Town.

While average daily consumption has plummeted to about 600 million liters (158 million gallons) of water a day from 1.1 billion liters a year ago, about half of households still aren't adhering to the city’s usage targets. About 19,000 homes that have regularly exceeded their recommended quotas have had mandatory devices fitted to their inlet pipes that restrict them to 350 liters a day.

Besides trying to reduce usage, the city is also rushing to augment water supply from the rain-fed dams by tapping underground aquifers, springs, and boreholes, and is fast-tracking plans to build several desalination plants.

The city can only avoid 'Day Zero' if dam levels hit 13.5% but they are currently at about 35%, down from 53% in 2016 and 92% in 2014. But contingency plans are being put in place for that eventuality. They include distributing drinking water at 200 collection points, guarded by the police and army, and rationing residents to 25 liters each.

Cape Town has begun the countdown to 'Day Zero' when the city will run out of water.

This major city has just 3 months left until it runs out of water

<h1>Somewhere in the center of Africa, there was once a tribe called the Mangbetu people who practice the Lipombo which is the weird culture of elongated heads they believed showed status.</h1>

Although this practice has long ago been stopped by the Belgian colonialists who took over the territory in the early 19th Century, it is still an interesting part of African heritage to know about.

They are culturally related to the people of the northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo and practice agriculture, small animal husbandry, hunting, fishing, and gathering, producing cash crops such as palm oil, coffee, peanuts, rice, bananas, and maize.

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the Mangbetu were only one of many small groups of people that settled on the northern edge of the Zaire rainforest. At that time, the Mangbetu leader, Nabiembali, gathered a following of warriors and moved north across the upper Bomokandi River to subdue groups of Mangbele and Mabisanga.

Much of the Mangbetu material culture was probably borrowed from conquered peoples, but the Mangbetu encouraged the development of all the arts of the peoples under their control.

Examples of their crafts include intricately forged chains and knives with carved ivory handles; geometric decoration of bodies, a distinctive coiffure that emphasized their artificially elongated heads; carefully carved stools, dishes, gongs, trumpets, and canoes etc.

'Lipombo' is the custom of skull elongation, which was a status symbol among the Mangbetu ruling classes at the beginning of the century and was later copied by neighboring groups. The tradition survived until the middle of this century when it was outlawed by the Belgian government.

At birth, the heads of babies’  were tightly wrapped with cloth in order to give their heads the streamlined look. The practice began dying out in the 1950s with the arrival of more Europeans and westernization. Because of this distinctive look, it is easy to recognize Mangbetu figures in African art.

The ancient tradition of elongated heads was once a symbol of status but now it is extinct.

The weird elongated head trend of the Mangbetu people

<h1>Cheating is as old as the institution of marriage but with the advancement of technology and increasing dependency on social media platforms, cheating on partners has become much easier to do.</h1>

Before the popularity of social media like Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat and even basic stuff like e-mail, it was much harder to fall for the temptation of cheating on your partner.

While in the past, a person could physically extract themselves from a situation which could likely lead to infidelity, now it has become near impossible as there is no clear idea of demarcations of a safe zone and when you have begun to give in to the temptation of cheating.

Also, no matter where social media users are, their minds are being constantly stimulated and titillated whenever they unlock their phones, tablets or open their computers. Here are 5 ways social media is helping partners cheat easier.

1. Having multiple social media accounts

Social media accounts are extremely easy to open and most require just an email address accompanied by a functioning phone number. With 5 minutes and a click later, a social media account has been created which makes it pretty easy for a cheating partner to operate an unknown account from their partner while they engage in infidelity.

2. Social media provides even more choices

Social media allows for a broader pool of options and temptations whether it comes to men or women. Therefore, social media helps trigger the idea of cheating for the purpose of trying something different or new with barely any restrictions at all.

3. Encourages uploading of attractive photos

With social media platforms like Snapchat and Instagram, there is a lot of focus on visual content. Of course, social media users have constantly continued to step up the game by uploading more and more attractive photos to gain popularity on the social media sites. This attracts interaction and flirting with the opposite sex which leads to partners being unfaithful.

4. Social media means you can cheat "on the go"

With social media, you do not have to make out time to cross town to meet someone or go to dingy clubs to scout for potential people to cheat with. Whether taking a coffee break or a minute in the bathroom to touch up your makeup, all it takes is a swipe of a finger and tapping on the screen of a phone to cheat on a partner.

5. There is no evidence for partners to find

When cheating on social media, it is pretty hard for your partner to find the evidence of your infidelity. Browser history can be cleaned, accounts can be logged out or message history deleted which makes it hard for any evidence of cheating on their partners to surface. This is taken advantage of by cheating partners to get away with their infidelity which makes them more likely to take advantage of social media.

Some people may be finding partners on social media while others are using it to cheat on their partners.

5 ways cheating has become easier with social media

<h1>To make money in Africa it requires a close examination of the economy and what is in demand by the consumers in order to successfully go into a business that will make a profit.</h1>

Most businesses require capital. Even if you don’t have enough to start, investors are all over the place looking for places to put their money. As long as you can put in the right effort and consistency, you are on your way to making a profit.

1. Buying and supplying of construction materials

Infrastructure will always be needed in Africa as the continent develops daily. Whether it is schools, hospitals, offices or just residential homes, infrastructure is a sector that is forever blooming. Although it may require a substantial amount of capital, it is worth investing in as this is a business that is guaranteed to generate profit all year long.

Whether it is Nigeria or Ghana or even far off Kenya, investing capital in farming is a sure way to reap profit which will continue to grow consistently over time. This may require a large amount of capital if you wish to begin big but even with the smallest amount of capital, one can begin a farming business which will grow to become bigger.

The hotel business is highly competitive but it is another goldmine waiting to be tapped. You will need will need capital but what would keep you in the game is excellent management skills or hiring of people with excellent management skills.

A lot of Africans would not mind purchasing thrift items if they are in good condition and of good quality. It is a business that has been shown to do well around Africa and does not require a large sum of capital in order to start.

This particular business requires a lot of research about routes for different types of vehicles, government policies etc in order to successfully enter into the transportation business. Transport companies make a lot of money daily.  Also to start this business you will need a substantial amount of initial capital.

Poultry farming will put you in business all year-long turning your capital into millions. Even if you don’t start with many birds, you can always start with a few hundred work your way up from there. This guarantees millions if you are consistent with it.

In Africa, there is a big consumer market to appeal to and a variety of businesses can provide a supply to their demands.

6 businesses that are guaranteed to give you profit in Africa

<h1>LinkedIn may be one of the less talked about platforms on the Internet but for professionals, it could play a very important role in improving your career if the right strategies are used.</h1>

As a job seeker or a consultant, maximizing LinkedIn could be a good way to boost your digital presence and build a personal brand. While 5 strategies alone are not enough to completely help you maximize your LinkedIn profile, these 5 strategies are the most important and are guaranteed to bring results.

1. Compose a profile that makes you stand out

Fill out all the areas and provide all the necessary information that showcases your skills or qualifications as much as possible. Your summary should also be brief and straight to the point outlining what industry you belong to and your career goals.

You can also browse through leaders and influencers in your career field to see examples of how best to update your LinkedIn profile.

2. Frequently produce valuable content

LinkedIn allows you to publish regular posts and write articles which can be shared on the platform. Also, you can share video updates which preferably should be recordings of educational themed videos or content related to your career.

This shows your eagerness and passion about your career path and the industry you are in.

Read Also: <a href="http://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/article7643652.ece" id="f4d60ba4-9216-56a5-913f-946b93c8aced">5 things you need to do to rock your next job interview</a>

Connecting your e-mails and other social accounts will help you grow your existing network through peers using other mediums. Also reaching out to former colleagues of yours, fellow students, teachers, and people you've met at conferences is also another great way to grow your network.

You can also join LinkedIn groups and interact with people. Comment on discussions, share topics on your own feed, mention other team members.

4. Make the most of the recommendations features

LinkedIn supports both endorsements and recommendations. Recommendations work better than job references as they are public and connected to a specific profile on LinkedIn. This is highly valuable and those may come from former colleagues, managers, teachers, or other peers that you have worked with.

Endorsements don’t carry as much weight but could be helpful when you want to showcase expertise in a certain area.

This is a crucial part of maximizing the use of your LinkedIn profile as even with the most well thought out profiles if the user does not monitor news or updates they may end up missing out on opportunities.

Following companies and startups which you have interest in working with or it is a great way to ensure that you are one of the first people to receive updates like job openings. Other press releases or industry news may be helpful as well.

While most people believe LinkedIn to be just an online CV, if used properly it could be much more.

5 LinkedIn strategies that will definitely boost your career

<h1>The Rwandan Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration announced that all visitors to Rwanda started to get a 30-day visa upon arrival without prior application which is effective Monday, January 1, 2018.</h1>

In November 2017, a new visa regime was announced in which citizens of the other East African Community Partner states are entitled to six months visitors pass upon arrival in the country with no fee.

The Ministry for Foreign Affairs in November said that the new visa regime is in line with the African Union spirit of encouraging free movement of people across the continent and is expected to increase the number of tourists and foreign investors coming to Rwanda.

The 27th ordinary session of the African Union Assembly of Heads of State and Government held in Kigali in July 2016 adopted the Free Movement of Persons and the African Passport policy.

When Rwanda started to issue the visa upon arrival to all Africans in 2013, the number of African nationals that were issued visa on arrival at Rwandan entry points increased from 31,054 to 77,377 in 2016.

Read Also: <a id="98c305b7-9314-5103-b9ed-537b15a2f50f" href="http://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/article7749783.ece">Nigeria becomes first African country to issue biometric visa</a>

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What does the public announcement contain?

The <a id="ba8b83f4-78b0-50e7-973c-da3e6be6ae29" href="https://www.migration.gov.rw/fileadmin/templates/PDF_files/COMMUNIQUE/Public%20announcement%20-%20New%20visa%20regime%20FINAL.pdf">issued statement from the Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration</a> stated that, “In view of bilateral agreements, nationals of the following countries may visit Rwanda without a visa for a period up to 90 days: Benin, Central African Republic, Chad, DRC, Ghana, Guinea, Indonesia, Haiti, Mauritius, Philippines, Senegal, Seychelles, Sao Tome and Principe and Singapore.”

In view of bilateral agreements, nationals of the following countries may visit Rwanda and be given a visa for 90 days: Benin, Central African Republic, and 12 others. These countries were previously given visas for just 30 days and only nationals of African countries were getting a visa upon arrival.

Usually, foreign nationals wishing to obtain a Rwandan visa submit their applications online or at the Rwandan diplomatic missions of their country of residence.

Nationals of Australia, Germany, Israel, New Zealand, Sweden, United Kingdom, and the United States of America will be issued with entry visa valid for a period up to 30 days and pay for a visa ($30) upon arrival without prior application.

However, the migration Directorate notes that the visitor’s visa should not be used for employment and adds that, “Nationals of all African countries traveling to or transiting through Rwanda obtain an entry visa upon arrival without necessarily making prior application and pay for a visa ($30) where applicable.”

Rwanda has begun to implement a policy which will see more visitors arrive in its country.

Rwanda begins open border policy on New Year Day

<h1>Chocolate is everyone’s favorite sweet treat but in 40 years time it may be completely extinct and become nothing more than a memory.</h1>

<a id="dd8d3c47-df7e-52cd-b010-9f3f6eb0ce8a" href="http://www.hardmanagribusiness.com/product/chocolate/">Experts predict</a> the world could run out of chocolate within 40 years because cacao plants which have the major ingredient for chocolate are struggling to survive in warmer climates.

The cocoa trees can only grow within approximately 20 degrees north and south of the Equator and they thrive under specific conditions such as high humidity and abundant rain.

But a temperature rise of just 2.1C over the next 30 years caused by global warming is set to wreak havoc on the plants and the worldwide chocolate industry. This causes the mercury to rise and also squeezes more water out of soil and plants which even with rainfall is unlikely to offset the moisture loss.

Another factor is that fungal diseases, like Frosty Pod Rot and Witch’s Broom, which succeeded in wiping out cocoa production in Latin America still continues to plague West African producers of cocoa. It has therefore discouraged farmers from going into cocoa farming which is in turn affecting the size of the supply.

The cocoa shortages have contributed to drastic price hikes which can be seen between 2012-2014 where the average price of chocolate rose 60% and will likely continue to rise as shortages grow.

Although experts are predicting that chocolate will become extinct, most likely they are in fact wrong about their predictions. Chocolate will most probably still exist in stores but it may eventually become something of a luxury for people as it turns unaffordable.

The solution for diminishing supply of cocoa is complex

Candy companies are teaching their cocoa suppliers about sustainable practices, attempting to develop more drought-resistant cocoa trees and researching different methods for combating the disease.

Unfortunately, cocoa seeds take at least two years to produce fruit. Because of their long growing time, it can be difficult to select desirable traits and weed out bad crops. For this reason, it makes it more difficult to engineer disease-resistant cocoa seeds.

Mars, the $35 billion corporations best known for Snickers, pledged $1 billion as part of an effort called "Sustainability in a Generation," which aims to reduce the carbon footprint of its business and supply chain by more than 60% by 2050.

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